From: Restrictive annuloplasty or replacement on reverse remodeling for nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy
Annuloplasty | Replacement | p value | |
---|---|---|---|
Variables | (n = 47) | (n = 18) | |
Clinical data | |||
Age, years | 64 ± 9 | 63 ± 9 | 0.80 |
Male sex | 34 (72%) | 15 (83%) | 0.34 |
Body surface area, m [2] | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 0.60 |
Medical history and presentation at baseline | |||
NYHA functional class III or IV | 43 (91%) | 17 (94%) | 0.68 |
Logistic EuroSCORE II | 6.2 [3.8–11.2] | 7.6 [3.1–9.1] | 0.90 |
Chronic kidney disease stage 4 or 5 | 16 (34%) | 1 (6%) | 0.010 |
Diabetes mellitus | 13 (28%) | 3 (17%) | 0.34 |
Atrial fibrillation | 24 (51%) | 5 (28%) | 0.086 |
Hypertension | 12 (26%) | 6 (33%) | 0.53 |
Previous CRT | 9 (19%) | 5 (28%) | 0.46 |
Medication at baseline | |||
Beta-blocker | 35 (74%) | 10 (83%) | 0.51 |
ACE inhibitor or angiotensin-receptor blocker | 27 (57%) | 14 (82%) | 0.057 |
Diuretic | 40 (85%) | 18 (100%) | 0.032 |
Echocardiography at baseline | |||
LV end-diastolic volume index, ml/m2 | 162 ± 52 | 187 ± 42 | 0.082 |
LV end-systolic volume index, ml/m2 | 123 ± 47 | 147 ± 37 | 0.055 |
Ejection fraction, % | 27 ± 8 | 25 ± 6 | 0.41 |
Left atrial dimension, mm | 49 ± 8 | 57 ± 11 | 0.005 |
Mitral regurgitation grade | 0.21 | ||
Moderate | 21 (45%) | 5 (28%) | |
Severe | 26 (55%) | 13 (72%) | |
Tricuspid regurgitation grade | 0.55 | ||
Mild | 20 (43%) | 11 (65%) | |
Moderate | 14 (30%) | 2 (12%) | |
Severe | 5 (11%) | 2 (12%) | |
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure, mmHg | 45 ± 14 | 41 ± 9 | 0.32 |
Surgical data | |||
Papillary muscle approximation | 22 (47%) | 0.14 | |
Chordal sparing | 18 (100%) | 0.92 | |
Mitral ring/valve size | |||
24 mm | 18 (38%) | ||
25 mm | 1 (6%) | ||
26 mm | 22 (47%) | ||
27 mm | 10 (56%) | ||
28 mm | 6 (13%) | ||
29 mm | 6 (33%) | ||
30 mm | 1 (2%) | ||
31 mm | 1 (6%) | ||
Ring size, mm | 26 ± 1 | 28 ± 1 | |
Concomitant procedures | |||
Tricuspid valve repair | 33 (70%) | 9 (50%) | 0.13 |
Atrial maze | 16 (34%) | 1 (6%) | 0.010 |
Surgical era | < 0.001 | ||
Before Jun. 2008 | 31 (66%) | 2 (11%) | |
After July. 2008 | 16 (34%) | 16 (89%) |